The Sacred Valley of the Incas keeps one of the most valued treasures of the Cusco region, which is truly impressive and unique. These are the Maras Salt Mines, a site filled with thousands of small stepped pools that descend like a waterfall down the slopes of a steep hill; these mark the place where the prized mineral (salt) has been extracted without stop since times before the powerful Inca Empire.
These ancient salt mines are much more than an impressive natural and scenic wonder for visitors' photography. Also, they are a living testimony of ancestral traditions and the lasting relationship between the immense balance of nature and constant human effort. Likewise, the fascinating solar evaporation technique used by local communities to harvest this "white gold" has been carefully passed down from generation to generation, making this complex a cultural heritage and one of the most captivating destinations in the southern highlands.
Where are the Maras salt mines located?
To plan your itinerary effectively, it is essential to know the exact location of this spectacular Andean attraction. Therefore, you should know that the salt mines are located about 40 kilometers northwest of the ancient imperial capital, set in the picturesque district of Maras, within the province of Urubamba.
Reaching this remote spot is a fascinating scenic experience that crosses the large and fertile agricultural plains of the area. Additionally, the thousands of pools are nested specifically on the steep slopes of the Qaqawiñay mountain, a rugged environment that protects the valuable underground saltwater spring that feeds the entire system. Also, its convenient closeness to the enigmatic agricultural experimentation center of Moray makes it easy to combine both visits.
A brief review of the history of Maras
The ancient Maras salt mines consist of an impressive complex of approximately 3,000 ponds, each with an area of five square meters and only 30 centimeters deep. Likewise, this site is designed to evaporate water under the Andean sun, making the most of the salt that flows from a large hypersaline spring in the Qoripujio mountains, originated about 100 million years ago with the formation of the mountain range.
The operation of this place is amazing for its deep sense of community, as the ownership and care of each pond are passed down between resident families. Additionally, the patient natural process finishes over a month of continuous evaporation, leaving a crystalline salt of very high quality that is highly valued in markets and therapeutic treatments in hotels of the Sacred Valley. Also, by maintaining an annual production of approximately two tons, this spectacular natural landscape has become an undeniable economic pillar that perfectly weaves together local livelihood, the preservation of cultural heritage and tourist beauty.
Facts about the Maras salt mines
- Spring formation: The salt waters come from Qoripujio, an underground source created 100 million years ago in the depths of the Andes.
- Architecture of the ponds: The complex has thousands of shallow ponds strategically designed in terraces on the hillside to make water retention and its later solar evaporation easier.
- Community heritage: The ponds are managed exclusively by local residents, inheriting the sacred right of use and care through their family ties.
- Monthly harvest: The community members fill the ponds periodically every three or four days, waiting about a month for the water to evaporate and leave the crystalline salt ready for manual collection.
- Production: The mines generate a valuable volume of natural salt per year, highlighting its use in international high cuisine and in exclusive therapeutic relaxation centers.
- Unmatched visual appeal: The impressive contrast of the white terraces cascading down the mountain makes Maras a visual magnet for thousands of travelers who love photography.
A beautiful legend
The legend of Ayar Cachi tells the story of a group of brothers—Manco Capac, Ayar Cachi, Ayar Auca, and Ayar Uchu—central figures in the founding myth of the Inca Empire. According to tradition, as these brothers ascended the snowy slopes of Waqay Wilque, it was revealed that only Manco Capac was destined to establish the empire.
Confronted with this truth, Ayar Cachi, feeling a profound sense of disappointment, was transformed into a mountain. This transformation was marked by an extraordinary event: his tears, symbolizing his sorrow, turned the mountain's base into salt. This aspect of the legend not only underscores the deep connections the Incas had with their natural surroundings but also illustrates the themes of destiny and sacrifice inherent in their cultural narratives.
Passed down through the ages, this story encapsulates the Inca's reverence for their ancestors and the natural world, highlighting the belief in the powerful and sometimes mystical bonds between them. Ayar Cachi's story, while rooted in myth, serves as a reflection on the values and beliefs that shaped the Inca civilization and its relationship with the environment.
How to get there?
Maras is located in the Sacred Valley of the Incas, near the city of Cusco in the Cusco Region of Peru. This historic town, known for its ancient salt pans, is a popular destination for tourists exploring the rich cultural and natural heritage of the area.
To get to Maras, visitors typically start from Cusco, the nearest major city and a common base for travelers in the region. From Cusco, there are several options for reaching Maras:
- Tour Groups: Many tour operators in Cusco offer day trips to Maras and the nearby Moray archaeological site. This is a convenient option as it includes transportation, guides, and sometimes meals.
- Public Transportation: While there's no direct public bus to Maras, you can take a minibus (colectivo) from Cusco to Urubamba and then transfer to another colectivo that goes to Maras. This option requires some negotiation and a basic understanding of Spanish.
- Taxi or Private Car: Hiring a taxi or a private car for the day allows for flexibility in scheduling and the opportunity to visit multiple sites, including Maras, Moray, and others in the Sacred Valley. This option is more expensive but offers convenience and personalization.
- Biking: For the more adventurous, biking tours are available that include Maras and Moray. This option provides an immersive experience of the Sacred Valley's landscapes but requires a good level of fitness.
Once in Maras, the salt mines are accessible by a short walk or drive from the town center. Visitors should be prepared for the high altitude and bring water, sunscreen, and appropriate clothing for variable weather conditions.
Some benefits
The salt harvested from Maras stands out for its natural and unrefined quality, preserving an array of beneficial minerals and trace elements, including calcium, magnesium, and potassium. These essential nutrients play a crucial role in supporting electrolyte balance, fortifying bones and muscles, and managing blood pressure levels. Furthermore, the unique composition of Maras salt often results in a reduced sodium content when compared to traditional refined table salt, offering a healthier alternative for individuals aiming to minimize their sodium consumption. Nonetheless, it's important to practice moderation and incorporate Maras salt as a component of a well-rounded diet to fully benefit from its nutritional qualities.
We hope you liked this travel blog, if you have any questions or suggestions feel free to comment! Great day to you!
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